Problem 3: Conditional Probability Calculator

Problem Description

Write a Python program that takes the number of students studying Math, the number studying Science, and the number studying both, and calculates P(Science | Math) using the conditional probability formula.

Input

Three integers: total students, number studying Math, and number studying both Math and Science.

Output

The calculated conditional probability P(Science | Math).

Constraints

• Number studying Math must be greater than 0.
• Number studying both must not exceed the number studying Math.

Example Input

text
total_students = 100, math_students = 40, both = 10

Example Output

text
P(Science | Math): 0.25

Concepts Covered

Conditional probability formula, basic arithmetic, function design.